Caffeine – How is it Harming You?
Once you get in the cycle of drinking caffeinated beverages, you lose sleep nightly and you have to keep taking the drug. If you try to stop taking caffeine, you get tired and depressed. You’ll also get a horrible headache as blood vessels in the brain dilate. These negative effects force you back to caffeine even if you want to stop.
Caffeine is similar in structure to adenosine, a chemical found in the brain that slows down its activity. It is this slowdown that allows you to sleep. Since the two compete, the more caffeine you drink, the less adenosine is available up to a point. That’s why caffeine temporarily heightens concentration and wards off fatigue.
Within 30 to 60 minutes of drinking a cup of coffee, caffeine reaches peak concentrations in the bloodstream. It typically takes four to six hours for its effects to wear off.
Smokers remove caffeine from their blood twice as fast as nonsmokers. That may be why smokers tend to drink more coffee.
The average American adult consumes about 200 milligrams (mg) of caffeine a day, and the top ten percent consume an average of 400 mg, according to John J. Barone, who tracks caffeine consumption at The Coca-Cola Company in Atlanta.
As little as 200 mg of caffeine is enough to make some people feel nervous and anxious. It might take even less for cola-guzzling kids.
Soft drinks accounts for about 10% of the caffeine we consume (NAH December 1996). Coffee accounts for about 75%.
What Health Effects are There?
Blood Pressure. Caffeine may cause a slight, temporary rise.
Caffeine Addiction. "Caffeine is a mildly addictive drug…," says Roland Griffiths, professor in the department of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.
Often, people who are reducing caffeine intake report being irritable, unable to work, nervous, restless, and feeling sleepy, as well as having a headache. In extreme cases, nausea and vomiting has also been reported.
Cancer. Caffeine is thought to be a factor for cancer of the lower urinary tract, including the bladder. Some studies have found the rates for these cancers to be significantly higher in people who drink more than three cups of coffee a day. Caffeine is also known to damage cellular DNA and to impair its normal repair, thereby adding to the potential risk for cancer.
However, a 1986 study of 16,600 individuals published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found no relationship between coffee consumption and cancer risk. The most recent review by the International Agency for Research on Cancer also concluded that data do not support a link between caffeine consumption and cancer in humans.
According to the American Cancer Society, "Available information does not suggest a recommendation against the moderate use of coffee. There is no indication that caffeine, a natural component of both coffee and tea, is a risk factor in human cancer."
Fertility. On men, it has been shown that caffeine reduces rates of sperm motility which may account for some findings of reduced fertility.
Headaches. Caffeine increases the power of aspirin and other painkillers by about 40 percent. That’s why it’s in products like Anacin and Excedrin. Caffeine also appears to work by itself. In a 1991 study, 65 mg of caffeine as just as effective as 648 mg of acetaminophen in alleviating non-migraine headache symptoms. And doctors often treat migraines by prescribing combinations of caffeine and other drugs that constrict blood vessels in the brain.
Metabolism. Caffeine increases the level of circulating fatty acids. This has been shown to increase the oxidation of these fuels, hence enhancing fat oxidation. Caffeine has been used for years by runners and endurance people to enhance fatty acid metabolism. It's particularly effective in those who are not habitual users.
Osteoporosis. Caffeine can be hard on your bones. You lose about five milligrams of calcium for every six ounces of coffee or two cans of cola (Janet Barger-Lux of Creighton University’s Osteoporosis Research Unit in Omaha, Nebraska).
“Two tablespoons of milk or yogurt for each cup of coffee you drink will replace the lost calcium,” says Barger-Lux.
In other research it was shown that caffeine intake is not a significant risk factor for osteoporosis, particularly in women who consume adequate calcium. A 1994 NIH advisory panel concluded that caffeine has not been found to affect calcium absorption or excretion significantly. Several studies conducted to date show no link between moderate caffeine consumption and bone density and mineral content in women who consume some calcium in their diet.
Problem Solving. “Caffeine speeds up reaction time and improves automatic processing skills like doing arithmetic problems and proofreading,” says author Stephen Braun. “But for more complicated tasks, like complex word problems, caffeine has also been shown to worsen performance.”
Sleep. Caffeine can delay the onset of sleep. It can also interfere with rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, the stage when people dream. In a recent study, women in Iowa who routinely took caffeine-containing medications reported having more trouble falling asleep at night than women who took no caffeinated medications.
Weight-loss. In 1991, the FDA banned the use of caffeine in over-the-counter weight-loss aids because it has no long-term effect on weight (From NAH December 1996). Caffeine is not an appetite suppressant.
Other Potential Health Problems
Caffeine may cause miscarriages, insomnia, and other problems, according to more than 40 scientific studies outlined in a 70-page petition filed by the Center for Science in the Public Interest (CSPI).
Spurred by legal action by CSPI in the 1970s, the FDA issued an advisory in 1981 warning that "Pregnant women should avoid caffeine-containing foods and drugs, if possible, or consume them only sparingly." The FDA still maintains that advisory as its official policy. A growing body of evidence suggests that caffeine consumption by women who are pregnant or might become pregnant increases the risk of delayed conception, fetal growth retardation, and miscarriage.
Inconclusive Caffeine – Health StudiesSome studies suggest that high levels of caffeine intake may delay time to conception, but these findings are inconclusive and often inconsistent when other lifestyle variables are considered. Research from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Harvard Medical School and the University of California at Berkeley show that moderate caffeine consumption does not reduce a woman's chance of becoming pregnant.
A report from the National Research Council on Diet and Health stated, "evidence linking coffee consumption to the risk of coronary heart disease...is weak and inconsistent." A 1989 report from the well-respected Framingham Heart Study examined all potential links between caffeine intake and cardiovascular disease, and found no harmful effects from drinking coffee. A later Harvard University study confirmed this report, concluding that caffeine intake does not "appreciably increase the risk of coronary heart disease or stroke."
CAFFEINE AND HEALTH
Most experts agree that moderation and common sense are the keys for consuming caffeine-containing foods and beverages. Moderate caffeine consumption is considered to be about 300 mg. which is equal to 3 cups of coffee, but this depends on the individual and can vary from one to several beverages.
SENSITIVITY
People differ greatly in their sensitivity to caffeine. Caffeine does not accumulate in the bloodstream or body and is normally excreted within several hours following consumption.
Caffeine may increase alertness in tired individuals and enhance performance of certain tasks. Many people find caffeinated beverages can help them stay alert when they work or study. Individual sensitivity and frequency of consumption determine the effect of caffeine on sleep.
National Institutes of Health (NIH) research indicates there is no difference in the way children and adults handle caffeine. These studies have shown that caffeine-containing foods and beverages do not have an effect on hyperactivity or the attention span of children.
CONCLUSION
"Moderate tea or coffee drinkers probably need have no concern for their health relative to their caffeine consumption provided other lifestyle habits (diet, alcohol consumption) are moderate, as well." The American Medical Association.
The most important long-term problem is the effect that caffeine has on sleep. Adenosine reception is important to sleep, and especially to deep sleep. The half-life of caffeine in your body is about 6 hours. If you drink any into the late afternoon you may be hurting your ability to sleep effectively. You may be able to fall asleep, but your body probably will miss out on the benefits of deep sleep. That deficit adds up fast. The next day you feel worse, so you need caffeine as soon as you get out of bed. The cycle continues day after day.
This is why 90% of Americans consume caffeine every day. Once you get in the cycle, you have to keep taking the drug.
See www.piecefulpursuits.com for natural alternatives fo sleep problems. Essential oils for sleep related problems include lavender, valerian, and marjoram. Lavender is also good for anxiety.

